[229] Appalachian oakpine and cove hardwood forests are found in the Blue Ridge Mountains and Cumberland Plateau, and bottomland hardwood forests are common throughout the Gulf Coastal Plain. Find out more [213] This flat 10 to 14 miles (16 to 23km) wide strip is commonly known as the Mississippi Bottoms, and contains lowlands, floodplains, and swamps. The exposition was one of the most successful, and the most recent world's fair to be held in the U.S.[166] In 1986, Tennessee held a yearlong celebration of the state's heritage and culture called "Homecoming '86". WebThe University of Tennessee is comprised of the statewide Institute of Agriculture and Institute for Public Service Institute of Agriculture The UT Institute of Agriculture delivers real life solutions through $54.5 million in research, educational outreach to 3.3 million people and veterinary services to more than 21,000 animals annually. [289], Tennessee has the eighth-most farms in the nation, which cover more than 40% of its land area and have an average size of about 155 acres (0.63km2). The Blue Ridge Mountains along the eastern border reach some of the highest elevations in eastern North America, and the Cumberland Plateau contains many scenic valleys and waterfalls. Find out more [331] The park anchors a large tourism industry based primarily in nearby Gatlinburg and Pigeon Forge, which includes Dollywood, the most visited ticketed attraction in Tennessee. [66] The act allowed the territory to petition for statehood once the population reached 60,000. [434], Beginning in the early 21st century, Tennessee transitioned into a solid Republican state, primarily due to rural white voters who have rejected the increasing liberalism of the Democratic Party. [150][147], During World War II, East Tennessee was chosen for the production of weapons-grade fissile enriched uranium as part of the Manhattan Project, a research and development undertaking led by the U.S. to produce the world's first atomic bombs. [221], Tennessee is within a temperate deciduous forest biome commonly known as the Eastern Deciduous Forest. Study finds more people moved to Tennessee in 2020", "More people moved to Tennessee, Texas, and Florida than any other states in 2020, according to data from U-Haul see the full ranking", "Selected Characteristics of the Foreign-born Population by Period of Entry into the United States", "Public Chapter 1101 The Tennessee Growth Policy Act", Tennessee Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations, "Race and Ethnicity in the United States: 2010 Census and 2020 Census", "Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States", "Population of Tennessee: Census 2010 and 2000 Interactive Map, Demographics, Statistics, Quick Facts", "The Association of Religion Data Archives | State Membership Report", "Church of God International Offices marks 50 years at Keith and 25th location", "Remarriage Issue Gives Denomination an Identity Crisis", "National Association of Free Will Baptists (NAFWB)", "Not New York: Book Business & Publishers in Nashville", "Union membership drops in Tennessee as legislature considers putting right to work laws in state constitution", "Tax policy: States with the highest and lowest taxes", "There are 9 US states with no income tax, but 2 of them still tax investment earnings", "Tennessee on its way to becoming a bona fide no-income-tax state in 2021", "What are the state and local sales tax rates in Tennessee? WebFind information motor vehicle registration in Tennessee. [259] The foreign-born population consisted of approximately 49.9% from Latin America, 27.1% from Asia, 11.9% from Europe, 7.7% from Africa, 2.7% from Northern America, and 0.6% from Oceania. About 59.7% of the electricity generated in Tennessee produces no greenhouse gas emissions. [385] Nashville is served by the Music City Star commuter rail service. [366] The program has also received national attention, with multiple states having since created similar programs modeled on the Tennessee Promise. Most cities and towns use the weak mayor-council (mayor-aldermen), strong-mayor council, city commission, or councilmanager forms of government. [131] The majority of freed slaves were forced into sharecropping during the latter 19th century, and many others worked as agricultural wage laborers. [230] Pine forests are also found throughout the state. Tennessee, constituent state of the United States of America. [402] Under the Tennessee Plan, the governor appoints justices on all three courts to eight-year terms; they must be retained by the voters during the first general election after appointment and at the end of their term. [367], Tennessee has 107 private institutions. The highest recorded temperature was 113F (45C) at Perryville on August 9, 1930, while the lowest recorded temperature was 32F (36C) at Mountain City on December 30, 1917. [79] Several Tennesseans took part in the Texas Revolution of 183536, including Governor Sam Houston and Congressman and frontiersman Davy Crockett, who was killed at the Battle of the Alamo. [273] Several Protestant denominations have their headquarters in Tennessee, including the Southern Baptist Convention and National Baptist Convention (in Nashville); the Church of God in Christ and the Cumberland Presbyterian Church (in Memphis);[274] and the Church of God and the Church of God of Prophecy (in Cleveland);[275][276] and the National Association of Free Will Baptists (in Antioch). [23] The names of the cultural groups who inhabited the area before European contact are unknown, but archaeologists have named several distinct cultural phases, including the Archaic (80001000 BC), Woodland (1000 BC1000 AD), and Mississippian (10001600 AD) periods. [321] Tennessee is the nation's leading producer of ball clay. [52] The next year, after an unsuccessful petition to Virginia, North Carolina agreed to annex the Washington District to provide protection from Native American attacks. [211] The plain begins in the east with low rolling hills and wide stream valleys, known as the West Tennessee Highlands, and gradually levels out to the west. [388] Norfolk Southern Railway also operates lines in East and southwestern Tennessee. [333][334][335] Its top tourist attraction is the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, the most visited national park in the U.S., with more than 14 million visitors annually. ", "Yet again, Tennessee combined state, local sales tax rates nation's highest", "McMinnville, Tennessee: Nursery Capital of the World", Economic Impacts of Forestry and Forest Product Industries in Tennessee, "Who makes the most cars in North America? After the war, the Oak Ridge National Laboratory became a key center of scientific research. WebPaleo-Indians are believed to have hunted and camped in what is now Tennessee as early as 12,000 years ago. Along with projectile points common for this period, archaeologists in Williamson County have uncovered a 12,000-year-old mastodon skeleton with cut marks typical of prehistoric hunters.. [55] The Chickamauga, a Cherokee faction loyal to the British led by Dragging Canoe, opposed the settling of the Washington District and Transylvania Colony, and in 1776 attacked Fort Watauga at Sycamore Shoals. Alvin C. York of Fentress County became one of the most famous and honored American soldiers of World War I. [42], In the 1750s and 1760s, longhunters from Virginia explored much of East and Middle Tennessee. [349][350] Notable authors with ties to Tennessee include Cormac McCarthy, Peter Taylor, James Agee, Francis Hodgson Burnett, Thomas S. Stribling, Ida B. Lee's 2nd term inauguration scheduled for Jan. 21. [411], The Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians is Tennessee's only federally recognized Native American tribe. Tennessee is geographically, culturally, and legally divided into three Grand Divisions of East, Middle, and West Tennessee. [137] During Prohibition, illicit production of moonshine became extremely common in East Tennessee, particularly in the mountains, and continued for many decades afterward. [459] The Memphis Tigers are members of the American Athletic Conference, and Murfreesboro's Middle Tennessee Blue Raiders play in Conference USA. Tre Hargett was elected by the Tennessee General Assembly to serve as Tennessees 37th secretary of state in 2009 and re-elected in 2013, 2017, and 2021. Under Brownlow's administration from 1865 to 1869, the legislature allowed African American men to vote, disenfranchised former Confederates, and took action against the Ku Klux Klan, which was founded in December 1865 in Pulaski as a vigilante group to advance former Confederates' interests. The highest average monthly precipitation usually occurs between December and April. [121] In 1870, Southern Democrats regained control of the state legislature,[122] and over the next two decades, passed Jim Crow laws to enforce racial segregation. Department of Revenue David Gerregano, Commissioner 500 Deaderick Street Nashville, TN 37242 Department Contact Information [392], Like the federal government, Tennessee's government has three branches. [323] There are sizable reserves of lignite coal in West Tennessee that remain untapped. [67] President George Washington appointed William Blount as territorial governor. [271], Tennessee is included in most definitions of the Bible Belt, and is ranked as one of the nation's most religious states. [132] In 1897, Tennessee celebrated its statehood centennial one year late with the Tennessee Centennial and International Exposition in Nashville. [b] Recent research suggests that the Cherokees adapted the name from the Yuchi word Tana-tsee-dgee, meaning "brother-waters-place" or "where-the-waters-meet". The Highland Rim is Tennessee's largest geographic region, and is often split into eastern and western halves. Of the foreign-born population, approximately 42.7% were naturalized citizens and 57.3% non-citizens. UT Martin and Tennessee Tech will remain in the OVC, while Peay will move to the ASUN. [368] Vanderbilt University in Nashville is consistently ranked as one of the nation's leading research institutions. WebTennessee Gov. [203], West of the Cumberland Plateau is the Highland Rim, an elevated plain that surrounds the Nashville Basin, a geological dome. [96], After Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1860, secessionists in the state government led by Governor Isham Harris sought voter approval to sever ties with the United States, which was rejected in a referendum by a 5446% margin in February 1861. Webchoose the site nearest you: chattanooga; clarksville; cookeville; jackson; knoxville; memphis; nashville; tri-cities Other major cities include Memphis, Knoxville, Chattanooga, and Clarksville. [353][354] Nashville became known as "Music City", and the Grand Ole Opry remains the nation's longest-running radio show. ", "Archaeology & the Native Peoples of Tennessee", McClung Museum of Natural History and Culture, "Treaties and Land Cessions Involving the Cherokee Nation", "Andrew Johnson and Emancipation in Tennessee", "Chronology of Emancipation during the Civil War", "This Honorable Body: African American Legislators in 19th Century Tennessee", "The Constitution of the United States Of America Analysis And Interpretation Centennial Edition Interim Edition: Analysis Of Cases Decided By The Supreme Court Of The United States To June 26, 2013s", "Tenn. is readmitted to the Union July 24, 1866", "Yellow fever epidemic changes course of Memphis history in 'Fever Season', "Sergeant York, War Hero, Dies; Killed 25 Germans and Captured 132 in Argonne Battle", "Tennessee Valley Authority created, May 18, 1933", The TVA Transmission System: Facts, Figures and Trends, "The TVA and the Relocation of Mattie Randolph", "Forced Relocations Presented More of an Ordeal than an Opportunity for Norris Reservoir Families", "Assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr", "Time Looks Back: The Assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr", "The last sermon, Memphis, April 3, 1968", "100 Years: Tennessee's Interstate System", "Overton Park's Citizens and Their Successful Battle Against the Highway", "The world came to Knoxville in May 1982", "Sweet Lips and Rest of Tennessee Blow a Kiss", "Shooting the Rapids: How a Small East Tennessee Community Struck Olympic Gold", "States across U.S. still cling to outdated gay marriage bans", "A Lawyer, 40 Dead Americans, and a Billion Gallons of Coal Sludge", "Coal's other dark side: Toxic ash that can poison water, destroy life and toxify people", "TVA to auction 62 parcels in Kingston after ash spill cleanup completed", "Nine things about Tennessee geography that may surprise you", "From Alabama to Wyoming, this is how each state got its shape", "Pieces of the Past: Supreme Court looked at controversy over Bristol border location", "How Georgia got its northern boundary and why we can't get water from the Tennessee River", "Are you prepared for an earthquake? [95][14] Due to its central location, Tennessee was a crucial state during the war and saw more military engagements than any state except Virginia. [65] North Carolina ceded the area to the federal government in 1790, after which it was organized into the Southwest Territory on May 26 of that year. [336], The National Park Service preserves four Civil War battlefields in Tennessee: Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park, Stones River National Battlefield, Shiloh National Military Park, and Fort Donelson National Battlefield. The geography of Tennessee is unique. [321] Tennessee is a net consumer of electricity, receiving power from other TVA facilities in neighboring states. [336] Attractions related to Tennessee's musical heritage are spread throughout the state. The state's industrial and manufacturing sector continued to expand in the succeeding decades, and Tennessee is now home to more than 2,400 advanced manufacturing establishments, which produce a total of more than $29 billion worth of goods annually. Tennessee projected to experience major quake in coming years", "Tennessee is more earthquake-prone than you may expect", "Summary of 1811-1812 New Madrid Earthquakes Sequence", "Federal Lands and Indian Reservations - Tennessee", "Geology and History of the Cumberland Plateau", "Cumberland Trail State Scenic Trail - 2020", "Overview of the State - Tennessee - 2021", Health Resources and Services Administration, "Cumberland River Basin & Barren River Watershed", "Conasauga River nearly became important in Tennessee history", "Revisiting the Deciduous Forests of Eastern North America", 10.1641/0006-3568(2006)56[341:RTDFOE]2.0.CO;2, "Climate Change and Potential Impacts to Wildlife in Tennessee", "GSMNP reaches biodiversity milestone of 20,000 species", "Tennessee's Duck River in National Geographic", "7 Dangerous Animals in Tennessee: Deadliest Wildlife Guide", "Last Stand for the Southern Spruce-Fir? [127] Northerners also began exploiting the coalfields and mineral resources in the Appalachian Mountains. [305] Nissan and Mitsubishi Motors have their North American corporate headquarters in Franklin. [252], The 2020 United States census reported Tennessee's population at 6,910,840, an increase of 564,735, or 8.90%, since the 2010 census. [250] Memphis, with more than 630,000 inhabitants, was the state's largest city until 2016, when Nashville surpassed it. [357] The state also has many private schools. A small plane crashed Tuesday while approaching a Texas airport, killing four members of a Tennessee church and leaving the lead pastor injured, authorities and the church said. The assessment ratio is 40% of the value times the jurisdiction's tax rate. It is located in the upper South of the eastern United States and became the 16th state of the union in 1796. The Highway Patrol is the primary entity that enforces highway safety regulations and general non-wildlife state laws. [349] Memphis was historically home to Sun Records, where musicians such as Elvis Presley, Johnny Cash, Carl Perkins, Jerry Lee Lewis, Roy Orbison, and Charlie Rich began their recording careers, and where rock and roll took shape in the 1950s. [173][174] The cleanup cost more than $1 billion and lasted until 2015. [455] Chattanooga Red Wolves SC has been a member of the third-tier USL League One since 2019. Each county elects a sheriff, property assessor, trustee, register of deeds, and county clerk. km, the State of Tennessee is located in the South-Eastern region of the United States. [141] In 1925, John T. Scopes, a high school teacher in Dayton, was tried and convicted for teaching evolution in violation of the state's recently passed Butler Act. The next year, the capital was moved to Murfreesboro, where it remained until 1826. [319] Tennessee was also an early leader in hydroelectric power,[320] and today is the third-largest hydroelectric power-producing state east of the Rocky Mountains. [208] This results in karst that forms numerous caves, sinkholes, depressions, and underground streams. Find information motor vehicle registration in Tennessee. 1 thing for teams, and Mississippi State had plenty. Get It Now Start Planning Tap Add to Trip on anything you like. [290] Beef cattle is the state's largest agricultural commodity, followed by broilers and poultry. [53], In 1775, Richard Henderson negotiated a series of treaties with the Cherokee to sell the lands of the Watauga settlements at Sycamore Shoals on the banks of the Watauga River. [188], Geological formations in Tennessee largely correspond with the state's topographic features, and, in general, decrease in age from east to west. [369] Nashville is often called the "Athens of the South" due to its many colleges and universities. [425], Between the end of Reconstruction and the mid-20th century, Tennessee voted consistently Democratic in Presidential elections, except in two nationwide Republican landslides in the 1920s. The first has been in Republican hands continuously since 1881, and Republicans or their antecedents have held it for all but four years since 1859. [46] After the French and Indian War, Britain issued the Royal Proclamation of 1763, which forbade settlements west of the Appalachian Mountains in an effort to mitigate conflicts with the Natives. [158][159], The 1962 U.S. Supreme Court case Baker v. Carr arose out of a challenge to the longstanding rural bias of apportionment of seats in the Tennessee legislature and established the principle of "one man, one vote". A small plane crashed Tuesday while approaching a Texas airport, killing four members of a Tennessee church and leaving the lead pastor injured, authorities and the church said. The Bulldogs jumped out to a fast start and were clearly motivated after getting shell-shocked by Tennessee a few games ago. In a northsouth orientation, from west to east, are interstates 55, which serves Memphis; 65, which passes through Nashville; 75, which serves Chattanooga and Knoxville; and 81, which begins east of Knoxville, and serves Bristol to the northeast. Motivation is the No. The governor is supported by 22 cabinet-level departments, most headed by a commissioner the governor appoints. [120] Because Tennessee had ratified the Fourteenth Amendment before its readmission to the Union, it was the only former secessionist state that did not have a military governor during Reconstruction. In the 1950s, Tennessee twice voted for Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower, former Allied Commander of the Armed Forces during World War II. [167][168] Tennessee celebrated its bicentennial in 1996 with a yearlong celebration called "Tennessee 200". The Tennessee Walking Horse, first bred in the region in the late 18th century, is one of the world's most recognized horse breeds. Local courts include general sessions, juvenile and domestic, and municipal courts. [66] Administration of the territory was divided between the Washington District and the Mero District, the latter of which consisted of the Cumberland Association and was named for Spanish territorial governor Esteban Rodrguez Mir. [234] The state ranks second in the nation for the diversity of its freshwater fish species. [118] Johnson became vice president when Lincoln was reelected, and president after Lincoln's assassination in May 1865. [347] The Tennessee State Museum in Nashville chronicles the state's history and culture. The state is twice bisected by the Tennessee River, and the Mississippi River forms its western border. [348], Tennessee is perhaps best known culturally for its musical heritage and contributions to the development of many forms of popular music. [227] The Nashville Basin is renowned for its diversity of flora and fauna. Senator from Tennessee, failed to carry his home state, an unusual occurrence but indicative of strengthening Republican support. [112] On April 27, 1865, the worst maritime disaster in American history occurred when the Sultana steamboat, which was transporting freed Union prisoners, exploded in the Mississippi River north of Memphis, killing 1,168 people. [363] The Tennessee Board of Regents (TBR), also known as The College System of Tennessee, operates 13 community colleges and 27 campuses of the Tennessee Colleges of Applied Technology (TCAT). The TBI is the primary state-level criminal investigative department. [341][342] Tennessee maintains 56 state parks, covering 132,000 acres (530km2). 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